The most common cause is a partially closed shutoff valve, corroded galvanized pipes, or a failing pressure regulator. Before calling a plumber, check two things yourself.
Two Things to Check First (Free)
1. Main Shutoff Valve
Find your main water shutoff valve (usually near the water meter or where the main line enters your home). Make sure it’s fully open — even a quarter turn closed can cut pressure significantly. This is especially common after plumbing work when someone didn’t fully reopen the valve.
2. Individual Fixture Valves
If only one faucet or toilet has low pressure, check the shutoff valve directly below or behind it. Also check for a clogged aerator — unscrew the tip of the faucet, clean out mineral deposits, and reattach.
Common Causes That Need a Plumber
Corroded Galvanized Pipes
Many older Norfolk homes (pre-1980) still have galvanized steel pipes. These corrode from the inside over decades, building up rust deposits that restrict water flow. The only permanent fix is repiping — typically $4,000–$10,000 for a whole house, but the improvement is dramatic.
Clue: Low pressure at all fixtures, worse at fixtures farthest from the main line. Rusty or discolored water when you first turn on taps.
Failing Pressure Regulator
Most Norfolk homes have a pressure regulator (also called a pressure reducing valve or PRV) where the main line enters the house. It’s factory-set to 50–60 psi. When it fails, pressure can drop to 20–30 psi.
Replacement cost: $250–$500 installed. Lasts 10–15 years.
Hidden Leak
A leak in your main line or inside walls diverts water pressure away from your fixtures. Signs: unexplained high water bill, wet spots in the yard, sound of running water when everything is off.
City Supply Issue
If neighbors have low pressure too, call Norfolk Utilities (757-664-6701). The city may be doing maintenance or there could be a main break.
What’s Normal Water Pressure?
40–60 psi is normal for residential homes. Below 40 psi feels noticeably weak. Above 80 psi can damage fixtures and cause leaks. A pressure gauge ($10 at any hardware store) threads onto a hose bib and gives you an instant reading.
Powell’s Plumbing & Air diagnoses and fixes water pressure issues throughout Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, and Hampton Roads.